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脑震荡(轻度创伤性脑损伤)发病率已达到流行病学水平,姿势控制受损是其主要症状。本研究旨在对脑震荡后的姿势控制提供线性及非线性评估概述。目前对脑震荡的急性评估利用主观平衡计分系统(BESS)评估姿势控制。当整体测试组合的灵敏度变高时,BESS的灵敏度则低到令人无法接受,经过重复管理也无法确定是否恢复。复杂的姿势控制措施超越BESS法利用传统的线性评估确定姿势控制障碍。针对静态站立和步态评估能够发现脑震荡后至少1个月遗留的障碍。近年来,运用于脑震荡恢复的非线性方法,如最常用的指标近似熵(Ap En)也开始受到关注。Ap En最常见于左右侧平面,已能够成功地识别在急性脑震荡后的姿势控制受损,即使其线性评估已认为与损伤前的健康值相当。一项研究利用Shannon和Renyi的熵指标,确定了该姿势控制能力的不足,并通过临床恢复使伤者回归赛场。此外,另有两项研究表明,对于有过脑震荡病史的个体,甚至在几个月或几年前,也可能会显示出Ap En的改变。总之,非线性指标对未来进一步了解急性脑震荡后的姿势控制损伤以及解决目前所存在的问题提供更多可能。
The incidence of concussion (mild traumatic brain injury) has reached the epidemiological level, impaired posture control is the main symptom. This study aims to provide a linear and non-linear assessment of post-concussion posture control. Currently, an acute assessment of concussion uses a subjective balance scoring system (BESS) to assess posture control. When the overall test portfolio becomes more sensitive, BESS’s sensitivity is so unacceptably low that it can not be determined after repeated management. Complex posture control measures Beyond the BESS method The use of traditional linear assessment to determine posture control disorders. Assessing static standing and gait can identify the legacy of at least one month after concussion. In recent years, non-linear methods such as the most commonly used index approximation entropy (Ap En) have also drawn attention for concussion recovery. Ap En, most commonly found in the left and right flanks, has been able to successfully identify impaired posture control after acute concussion even though its linear assessment has been considered comparable to pre-injury health values. One study, using Shannon’s and Renyi’s entropy measures, determined the deficit in posture control and returned the injured to the field through clinical recovery. In addition, two other studies have shown that individuals with a history of concussion may show changes in Ap En even a few months or years ago. In summary, the non-linear indicators provide more possibilities for further understanding of posture-control injuries after acute concussion and solving existing problems.