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应用免疫组化技术检测８２例大肠腺瘤（伴有或不伴有非典型增生）、５７例大肠高分化腺癌的ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２癌基因蛋白表达。结果表明：在良性组、癌前病变组及恶性组中，ＰＣＮＡ指数（８．７５％，２８．７３％，６６．３２％）明显递增（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性率（１８．２％，３６．７％，５０．９％）也逐渐增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在癌前病变组内，轻、中、重度非典型增生的ＰＣＮＡ指数（１５．３７％，２９．９５％，４０．１１％）亦有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）．Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性率（２５％，３５％，５０％）依次呈递增趋势，重度非典型增生Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性率与恶性组相近。结果提示：ＰＣＮＡ表达程度与非典型增生密切相关，是反映细胞增殖的良好标志，ＰｃＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２过度表达与大肠腺瘤恶性倾向有关。ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２组化研究有助于认识大肠癌前病变的本质和监测高危人群并早期发现腺瘤恶变。
Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of PCNA and C-erbB-2 oncogene protein in 82 cases of colorectal adenoma (with or without atypical hyperplasia) and 57 cases of large intestine well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The results showed that PCNA index (8.75%, 28.73%, 66.32%) was significantly increased in benign group, precancerous group and malignant group (P<0.01), and C-erbB-2 was positive. The rate (18.2%, 36.7%, 50.9%) also gradually increased (P<0.05). In precancerous lesions, the PCNA index of mild, moderate and severe atypical hyperplasia (15.37%, 29.95%, 40.11%) was also significantly different (P<0.01). The positive rate of C-erbB-2 (25%, 35%, 50%) increased gradually, and the positive rate of C-erbB-2 in severe dysplasia was similar to that of malignant group. The results suggest that the degree of PCNA expression is closely related to atypical hyperplasia and is a good indicator of cell proliferation. Overexpression of PcNA and C-erbB-2 is associated with a malignant tendency of colorectal adenomas. The study of PCNA and C-erbB-2 histochemistry can help to understand the nature of precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer and to monitor high-risk groups and early detection of adenoma malignancy.