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王子乔的形象在汉代文献中屡次出现,他经历了一个从西汉时期单纯求长生的方士形象,到东汉时期与社会政治相结合的可以赐福的仙人形象的演变。而汉乐府诗中的王子乔是以在这种历史演变中不同时期的形象为原型的。吟叹曲《王子乔》中的人物是从东汉时期护佑人民的王子乔形象发展而来的;《善哉行》中的王乔实际上是以东汉王乔为原型的对仙人的一个广泛代称。《西门行》中的王子乔的核心则是长生,故他是从《列仙传》中的王子乔形象或者是单纯求长生的方士形象演化而来的。总之,汉乐府诗中的这些形象都反映着一定时期其人物的原型,并以此时期的原型为基础与歌辞本身相结合,形成了各自不同的特点。
The image of prince Joe appeared repeatedly in the Han Dynasty literature. He experienced an evolvement of the blessed immortal image from the purely seeking the image of an alchemist during the Western Han Dynasty to the combination of social politics and the Eastern Han Dynasty. Prince Joe in the Han Yuefu poet archetypes the images of different periods in this historical evolution. The poem of “Prince Joe” in Yin dialect was developed from the image of prince Joe, who helped protect the people in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Wang Qiao in “The Praise of Nature and Grace” is actually a broad term for the fairy on the basis of Wang Qiao in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The core of Prince Joe in Simon’s Book is the longevity, so he evolved from the image of Prince Joe in “The Legend of Immortals,” or the image of an alchemist who simply beg for longevity. In short, all the images in the Han Yuefu poems reflect the archetypes of their characters in a certain period of time, and based on the archetypal prototypes and the lyrics itself, they form their own different characteristics.