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目的探讨产后抑郁状态的影响因素和防治。方法抽取在本院产前门诊建孕册的704例孕妇进行医院焦虑及抑郁情绪自评量表调查,以艾迪产后抑郁量表产后随访至产后28天544例,筛查出81例产后抑郁的病人并对发病相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果EPDS阳性率为14.89%(81/544),并用单因素和多元逐步回归分析了产后抑郁的影响因素,发现孕妇孕期焦虑情绪及抑郁情绪、居住拥挤,经济状况差,产妇年龄大,与公婆关系不融洽,怀孕前身体状况差,新生儿为女性,妊娠合并症,为发生产后抑郁的危险因素与其呈正相关(P<0.05);在娘家“坐月子”与产后抑郁呈负相关。结论产妇个性心理特点、孕期焦虑和抑郁情绪是发生产后抑郁的最主要因素。一些应激生活事性和产前产时并发症为产后抑郁的促发因素。预防治疗应以心理干预为主。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors and prevention and treatment of postpartum depression. Methods A total of 704 pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis of prenatal outpatients were recruited to conduct a survey of anxiety and depression self-rating scale in hospital. Post-partum postnatal follow-up was performed to find out 544 postpartum postpartum depression cases. 81 postnatal depression Of patients and retrospective analysis of the incidence of related factors. Results The positive rate of EPDS was 14.89% (81/544). The influencing factors of postpartum depression were analyzed by single factor and multivariate stepwise regression. It was found that pregnant women with anxiety and depression during pregnancy, overcrowded living, poor economic status, older maternal age, (P <0.05). There was a negative correlation between maternal “confinement ” and postpartum depression, the relationship between prematurity and poor health, neonatal as female and pregnancy complications as risk factors for postpartum depression . Conclusion The psychological characteristics of maternal personality, anxiety and depression during pregnancy is the most important factor in postpartum depression. Some stressful life-time and prenatal maternal complications are the contributing factors of postpartum depression. Prevention and treatment should be the main psychological intervention.