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为了探讨肿瘤抑制基因ｐ５３和癌基因ＭＤＭ２在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其意义，采用免疫组织化学链菌素亲生物素蛋白过氧化物酶连接法（ＳＰ法），检测了６８例食管鳞状细胞癌中ｐ５３蛋白和ＭＤＭ２蛋白的表达，结果显示ｐ５３蛋白和ＭＤＭ２蛋白阳性率分别为６０．３％（４１／６８）和４２．６％（２９／６８），ｐ５３蛋白阳性率与食管鳞状细胞癌分级呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＭＤＭ２蛋白阳性率与食管鳞状细胞癌分级呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），并与食管鳞状细胞癌临床病理分期呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在６８例食管鳞状细胞癌中，ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达者４１例，其中ｐ５３蛋白和ＭＤＭ２蛋白表达均阳性者１２例，ＭＤＭ２蛋白表达阴性者２９例；在６８例食管癌中，ＭＤＭ２蛋白阳性表达者２９例，其中ＭＤＭ２与ｐ５３蛋白均阳性者１２例，ｐ５３蛋白表达阴性者１７例，两者呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），ｐ５３蛋白和ＭＤＭ２蛋白表达均阴性者１０例。可以认为ｐ５３蛋白和ＭＤＭ２蛋白表达可作为食管鳞状细胞癌病理分级参考指标之一，ＭＤＭ２蛋白表达还可作为食管鳞状细胞癌临床病理分期的参考指标之一，并间接证明ＭＤＭ２蛋白对ｐ５３蛋白表达具有负性调节作用。
To investigate the expression and significance of tumor suppressor gene p53 and oncogene MDM2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, immunohistochemical streptavidin-peroxidase ligation (SP method) was used to detect 68 cases of esophagus. The expression of p53 protein and MDM2 protein in squamous cell carcinoma showed that the positive rates of p53 protein and MDM2 protein were 60.3% (41/68) and 42.6% (29/68) respectively, and the positive rate of p53 protein and esophagus The grading of squamous cell carcinoma was significantly positively correlated (P<0.01). The positive rate of MDM2 protein was significantly negatively correlated with the grading of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.01), and it was also associated with the clinical pathological staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. There was a significant negative correlation (P<0.05). In 68 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, there were 41 cases of p53 protein positive expression, including 12 cases of positive expression of p53 protein and MDM2 protein, and 29 cases of negative expression of MDM2 protein. In 68 cases of esophageal cancer, MDM2 protein was positively expressed. Of the 29 patients, 12 were positive for both MDM2 and p53 protein, and 17 were negative for p53 protein expression. There was a significant negative correlation between the two (P<0.01), and 10 were negative for the expression of p53 protein and MDM2 protein. It can be considered that the expression of p53 protein and MDM2 protein can be used as one of the reference markers for the pathological grade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. MDM2 protein expression can also be used as one of the reference indexes for the clinicopathological staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and indirectly proves that MDM2 protein is p53 protein. Expression has a negative regulatory effect.