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目的采用横断面调查研究的方法探讨牙齿缺失数目与颈动脉病变的相关性。方法选择在山西医科大学第一临床医学院超声科行颈动脉超声检查的患者共163例。收集心脑血管疾病的传统危险因素,采用颈动脉超声测量颈动脉血管壁内中膜厚度,检查并记录口腔卫生状况及不同原因导致牙齿缺失的缺牙数目。平均年龄(61.76±15.10)岁,根据颈动脉变化分为正常组(50例),增厚组(22例)和斑块组(91例)进行相关性分析。结果多因素回归分析显示性别(β=1.072,OR=2.92),高血压史(β=0.797,OR=2.22),年龄(β=0.056,OR=1.06),牙周炎缺牙数目(β=0.065,OR=1.07)与颈动脉病变呈正相关(P<0.05),即男性,有高血压病史,年龄增加,牙周炎缺牙数目增加与颈动脉病变发生相关。结论牙周炎致牙齿缺失数目增加与颈动脉内中膜增厚和斑块形成相关,牙齿缺失可能是加剧动脉粥样硬化的一个危险因素。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the number of missing teeth and carotid artery lesions by means of cross-sectional investigation. Methods A total of 163 patients undergoing carotid ultrasonography in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were enrolled in this study. To collect the traditional risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, measure the carotid artery intima-media thickness by carotid artery ultrasound, check and record the oral health status and the number of missing teeth caused by different causes. The mean age was (61.76 ± 15.10) years. According to the changes of carotid artery, the patients were divided into normal group (50 cases), thickening group (22 cases) and plaque group (91 cases). Results Multivariate regression analysis showed that the number of teeth with periodontitis (β = 1.072, OR = 2.92), history of hypertension (β = 0.797, OR = 2.22), age 0.065, OR = 1.07) was positively correlated with carotid artery disease (P <0.05), that is, male, with a history of hypertension, increased age, increased number of periodontitis and increased carotid artery disease. Conclusion The increase of tooth loss caused by periodontitis is related to the intima-media thickening and plaque formation in carotid artery. The loss of tooth may be a risk factor to aggravate atherosclerosis.