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在呼伦贝尔草原克鲁伦河流域选取轻度放牧、重度放牧及不放牧草场,利用降雨模拟器进行降雨模拟试验,研究了不同放牧强度草场的地表物理性质、植被类型对降雨产流、营养元素流失等因素的影响。结果表明:在20,45,65mm/h降雨强度下重度放牧草场产流时间最短,不放牧草场产流时间最长。径流量及径流系数总体规律显示为重度放牧草场>轻度放牧草场>不放牧草场。3种放牧强度草场的氮磷流失量均随雨强的增加而增大。降雨产流初期氮磷浓度相对较高,随径流时间增加逐步下降,最后达到稳定。径流量与氮磷含量之间存在二项式显著相关关系。
Mild grazing, grazing and grazing no-grazing were selected in the Krulun River Basin of Hulunbeier Prairie. Rainfall simulator was used to simulate the rainfall. The surface physical properties of different grazing intensities were studied. The effects of vegetation types on rainfall runoff, nutrient loss And other factors. The results showed that the runoff time of the grazing grasslands was the shortest at the rainfall intensities of 20, 45 and 65 mm / h, and the longest runoff time was in the grazing grasslands. The general rules of runoff and runoff coefficient are as follows: grazing grassland> grazing grassland> grazing grassland. The amount of nitrogen and phosphorus loss of three grazing intensities pasture increased with the increase of rainfall intensity. In the initial stage of rainfall and runoff, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus was relatively high, gradually decreased with the increase of runoff time, and finally stabilized. There is a significant binomial correlation between runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus content.