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戏剧艺术以舞台有限的时空表现无限的生活,基本可分为两种方式:其一,西方传统戏剧的“固定时空”,其二,中国传统戏曲的“自由时空”。亚里士多德的戏剧,将舞台作为相对固定的空间,以景分场,裁取生活的横断面,将矛盾冲突置于特定的场景中表现、发展并最终解决。同一场景中,时间延续大体与生活实际相一致,时间跨度在场间度过,以达到情节、时间和地点的统一(即遵守“三一律”)。莎士比亚和布莱希特的戏剧,是将舞台做为流动空间,让情节连续不断展开,景随情变。
There are basically two kinds of ways in which theatrical art expresses unlimited life in the limited stage of the stage: first, the “fixed time and space” of the traditional Western drama; secondly, the “free space and time” of Chinese traditional opera. Aristotle’s drama takes the stage as a relatively fixed space, uses scenes to take the cross-section of life, places contradictions and conflicts in specific scenes, develops and finally resolves them. In the same scene, the continuation of time is generally in line with the reality of life, and the time span is spent in the field in order to achieve the unification of the plot, time and place (that is, to observe the “three laws”). Shakespeare and Brecht’s play, is to use the stage as a flow space, so that the plot continues uninterrupted, with King affection.