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本文介绍三种电离室的结构和性能。体积为0.5cm~3,以纯石墨为壁体的电离室,在X射线管电压为60～220kV、半价层为0.07mmCu和2.5mmCu时,其能量响应的最大误差不超过1.5％,而对~(137)Cs和~(60)Co γ射线的校正因子(附加3.75mm有机玻璃平衡帽)也处在上述范围内;体积为2cm~3,分别以酚醛塑料、纯石墨、聚四氟乙烯为壁体的电离室,在上述能量范围内,其能量响应最大误差为3～5％;体积为200cm~3,以酚醛塑料为壁体的电离室,其最大校正因子为5％。上述电离室可作次级标准伦琴计和防护剂量测量用。
This article describes the structure and performance of three ionization chambers. Volume of 0.5cm ~ 3 to pure graphite wall ionization chamber, the X-ray tube voltage is 60 ~ 220kV, half price layer is 0.07mmCu and 2.5mmCu, the maximum energy response of the error does not exceed 1.5%, while the ~ (137) Cs and ~ (60) Co γ-ray correction factor (additional 3.75mm plexiglass balance cap) are also within the above range; volume of 2cm ~ 3, respectively phenolic plastic, pure graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene The ionization chamber of the wall body has a maximum energy response error of 3% to 5% within the above energy range. The maximum correction factor of the ionization chamber with a volume of 200 cm-3 and a phenolic plastic wall is 5%. The ionization chamber can be used as secondary standard roentgen gauge and protective dose measurement.