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本文深入地研究了以铝-石墨为代表的金属基颗粒复合材料的制备途径与工艺,指出制备成功的关键是解决颗粒与金属液的相互润湿与结合,以达到颗粒顺利地进入和分散,以及在整个制备和凝固过程中不发生偏析和聚集。用座滴法测定了温度、合金成份等主要因素对铝-石墨润湿性的影响,并对导致混合和分散的其它因素进行了分析,同时用Stokes公式分析和实验测定了影响颗粒偏析的因素,得出用旋涡法混制再用挤压铸造成型是最理想和实用的制备方法。最后通过铝-石墨复合材料制备实践验证了上述理论分析的正确性。
In this paper, the preparation route and technology of metal matrix composites represented by aluminum-graphite are deeply studied. It is pointed out that the key to the success of the preparation is to solve the mutual wetting and bonding between particles and metal liquid so that the particles can smoothly enter and disperse, As well as segregation and aggregation throughout the preparation and solidification. The influence of the main factors such as temperature and alloy composition on the wettability of aluminum-graphite was measured by droplet method. The other factors leading to the mixing and dispersion were analyzed. Stokes formula was also used to analyze and experimentally determine the factors affecting the particle segregation It is concluded that it is the most ideal and practical preparation method to mix by vortex method and squeeze casting. Finally, the correctness of the above theoretical analysis is verified through the preparation of aluminum-graphite composite materials.