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漫天飞雪,万花凋谢,唯梅花傲霜凌雪。梅花神、韵、姿、香俱佳,1987年全国“十大传统名花”评选中名列榜首。梅花性喜温暖,不畏严寒,以富含腐殖质壤土为好。梅花用嫁接、扦插、压条和播种法繁殖。嫁接砧木多用梅、杏、山桃等,通常采用切接、劈接、芽接、舌接、腹接和靠接,于春秋进行。扦插多在长江流域应用,于11月扦插硬枝,成活率达80%以上。压条于梅雨季节进行。为培育砧木或新品种,可用播种法繁殖。梅花园林栽培,首先要选择适当的地点,栽植时应注意和其他植物的相互搭配,可孤植、丛植或群植。培植大面积梅林、梅岭或梅山,应选择阳坡或半阳坡,株距为3～5米。要疏密有致,配置自然。植前要施足底肥,栽后要浇透水,并加强管理。树型自然开心形为好,一般宜轻度修剪、疏剪为主,短截为辅。每年要施肥3次,即秋季、初冬及孕蕾期各施1次。平时要注意灌溉、排水、除草及病虫害防治。切花栽培,多于露地成片栽植,株行距为3×3米,干高30厘米,并适当重剪,多施肥料,以促生较多花枝。作切花的品种,要长势健壮,年年着花繁茂,以宫粉型梅花为宜。
Blizzard, flowers wither, the only Plum Arsenal Ling Ling snow. Plum god, rhyme, posture, incense and superb, in 1987 the national “Top Ten traditional flowers ” in the list topped the list. Plum love hi warm, fear of cold, rich in humus loam as well. Plum with grafting, cutting, battens and sowing reproduction. Grafting rootstock multi-purpose plum, apricot, peach, etc., usually cut and split, split access, budding, tongue, abdomen and docking, in the spring and autumn. Cuttings in the Yangtze River Basin more applications, in November cuttings hardwood, survival rate of 80% or more. Battens in the rainy season. To cultivate rootstocks or new varieties, breeding methods can be sown. Plum garden cultivation, we must first select the appropriate location, planting and other plants should pay attention to each other and can be solitary, Cong Cong or group planting. Cultivate a large area of Meilin, Meiling or Meishan, should choose sunny or semi-sunny slope, spacing of 3 to 5 meters. To density, natural configuration. Preplant facilities to apply enough fat, transplanted to water, and strengthen management. Tree-shaped natural happy as well, generally should be mild pruning, pruning-based, short cut supplemented. 3 times a year to fertilize, that is, autumn, early winter and pregnancy buds each Shi 1. Usually pay attention to irrigation, drainage, weeding and pest control. Cut flower cultivation, more than open field planting, spacing of 3 × 3 m line spacing, dry 30 cm, and appropriate weight shear, and more fertilizers to promote more flowering branches. To cut the varieties of flowers, to grow robust, prosperous every year, with the palace-type plum is appropriate.