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目的了解医院感染现患率,分析其影响因素,为预防控制医院感染及抗菌药物使用提供依据。方法应用横断面调查2011年病原菌分布、特点和抗菌药物使用状况,采用床旁调查和病历资料两者相结合的方法,对调查资料进行汇总、整理、分析。结果调查住院患者1522例,实际监测率100.00%;发生医院感染72例、例次感染79例;现患率4.73%、例次现患率5.19%;感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占48.10%;共培养出39株病原菌,病原学送检率为47.08%;抗菌药物使用率为41.06%。结论医院感染现患率水平符合卫生部<10.00%的要求,加强临床一线工作人员病原菌送检率及药物敏感试验、危重患者多药耐药菌监测力度,合理使用抗菌药物,防止医院感染的暴发流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infections and antibacterials. Methods The cross-sectional investigation of the distribution of pathogens in 2011, the characteristics and the use of antibacterial drugs, the use of bedside surveys and medical records were a combination of both methods, the survey data were summarized, collated and analyzed. Results 1522 inpatients were surveyed, the actual monitoring rate was 100.00%; 72 cases of nosocomial infection and 79 cases of nosocomial infections were found; the prevalence rate was 4.73%, the prevalence rate was 5.19%; the respiratory tract was lower than that of infected area, accounting for 48.10% Out of 39 strains of pathogens, the etiological feeding rate was 47.08%; the antibacterial drug utilization rate was 41.06%. Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection conforms to the requirements of the Ministry of Public Health <10.00%. The screening rate and drug susceptibility testing of pathogenic bacteria in clinical frontline staff should be strengthened. The surveillance of multidrug-resistant bacteria in critically ill patients should be strengthened. Antibacterial drugs should be used rationally to prevent outbreaks of nosocomial infections .