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目的 探讨正确评价脾脏的方法。方法 将招飞全面体检中湘鄂二省高中毕业男生 767例,年龄 16～19岁,分为 2组:①内科触诊超标组35例;③内科触诊合格组732例。用超声测量脾脏的长径、厚径及肋下大小,与触诊对比。结果①组中脾脏B超正常24例(68.6％),单径正常6例(17.1％),超标5例(14.3％);②组中脾脏B超正常643例(87.8％),单径正常78例(10.7％),超标11例(1.5％)。结论 ①B超检测是评价脾脏大小及脾实质病变的重要手段;②触诊是判断脾脏质地及边缘厚薄的最佳方法;③B超与触诊二者相辅相成,结合病史、实验室检查,对边缘情况的脾脏进行鉴别诊断,无病理意义者应合理保留。
Objective To explore the correct method of evaluating spleen. Methods A total of 767 boys who graduated from high school in Hunan and Hubei Provinces were enrolled in this study. They were aged 16 to 19 years. They were divided into two groups: ① 35 cases of internal medicine palpation exceeding standard group; ③ 732 cases of internal medicine palpation qualified group. Ultrasound measurements of the long diameter of the spleen, thickness and rib size, and palpation contrast. Results ① In the group, 24 cases (68.6%) had normal B-spleen, 6 cases (17.1%) had normal diameter and 5 cases (14.3%) exceeded the standard; ② The group B had 643 cases (87.8% 78 cases (10.7%), exceeding the standard in 11 cases (1.5%). Conclusions ① B-ultrasound is an important method to evaluate the size of spleen and splenic parenchyma. ② Palpation is the best way to judge the quality of spleen and the thickness of the edge. ③B-ultrasound and palpation are complementary to each other. Combined with history and laboratory tests, Spleen for differential diagnosis, no pathological significance should be properly retained.