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人们随着年龄增长就会发生生理功能的衰变,大部分衰老变化的信息反映了不同寿龄组的对比情况。这些横向观察具有固有的缺陷,如研究对象为80岁者很少能获得80岁老人在20岁时的生理情况,研究20岁者亦很少知道20岁青年在80岁时的生理情况。寿龄仅能反映年龄的变化,不能反映生理学上的衰老,唯独系列地观察同一个体自幼到老才能反映出衰老情况。有一些纵向研究资料仅只反映了个体生命周期中短暂的时限。【肺动态变化】成人动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)每10年平均下降2.1～4.1mmHg,若以公式表示PaO_2=109-0.43×年。肺泡氧分压(P_AO_2)则维持原状或轻度增高。Dill等首先报告健康人在80岁以前都会发生同年龄有明显关系的P_AO_2的下
People decline with their physiological functions as they age, and most of the information on aging changes reflects the contrast between different age groups. These lateral observations have inherent drawbacks. For example, 80-year-olds rarely get the physical appearance of 80-year-olds at the age of 20 years and 20-year-olds also know little about the physical condition of 20-year-olds at the age of 80. The longevity can only reflect the change of age, can not reflect the physiological aging, but the series observed the same individual from old to old can reflect the aging situation. There are some longitudinal studies that reflect only the short duration of an individual’s life cycle. [Pulmonary changes] adult arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO_2) decreased by an average of 2.1 ~ 4.1mmHg every 10 years, if the formula that PaO_2 = 109-0.43 × years. Alveolar oxygen pressure (P_AO_2) remained unchanged or mildly increased. Dill et al first report that healthy people under age 80 will have a significant relationship with age P_AO_2 under