WT1基因在小儿肾癌中首次被发现,随后的研究中大量数据显示WT1基因在血液系统肿瘤和实体瘤中存在高表达,这提示WT1作为肿瘤免疫治疗新靶点的可行性。树突状细胞(DC)在诱导肿瘤抗原特异性效应和记忆性细胞过程中的作用,以及在人体内呈递抗原的能力,使其成为肿瘤免疫治疗的基础。随着目前DC研究的不断进步,以WT1为靶点的DC肿瘤疫苗也日趋成熟,有的已成功应用于临床。 WT1 gene was first found in childhood renal cell carcinoma. In the following study, a large amount of data showed that WT1 gene was highly expressed in hematological tumors and solid tumors, suggesting the feasibility of WT1 as a new target of tumor immunotherapy. The role of dendritic cells (DCs) in inducing tumor antigen-specific and memory cell processes, as well as the ability to present antigens in humans, has made them the basis for immunotherapy in tumors. With the continuous progress of DC research, DC tumor vaccine targeting WT1 has also become increasingly mature, and some have been successfully used in clinical practice.