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板是工程结构中的常用构件,但需区分单向板和双向板分别进行设计,故对两者的界定研究具有重要意义。本文通过构造8节点正方体单元24种基本位移与变形向量,形成用于变形分解的正方体单元完备正交基矩阵,及均布荷载作用下板的主要基本变形分解图。基于变形分解分析,总结出单向板三大变形特征,即短边弯曲变形为主特征、浅梁变形特征和长边弯曲变形为可略特征;进而确定以长宽比1.50、2.20、2.40作为不同精度下的单、双向薄板类型划分界限。工程设计人员可依据具体工程需求,采用不同的分类方法对任意薄板进行类型判别,进而采用单向薄板或双向薄板理论进行薄板设计。
The board is a common component in the engineering structure, but it is necessary to distinguish between the one-way board and the two-way board respectively, so it is of great significance to define the two. In this paper, 24 basic displacements and deformation vectors of 8-node cube are constructed to form the complete orthogonal matrix of cube-shaped elements for deformation decomposition and the main deformation of the panel under uniform load. Based on the deformation analysis, the three deformation characteristics of the unidirectional plate are summarized, that is, the main features of the short-side bending deformation, the deformation characteristics of the shallow beam and the long-side bending deformation can be regarded as slightly features; then the aspect ratio of 1.50, 2.20, 2.40 Different accuracy of the single, two-way sheet type division boundaries. Engineering designers can use different classification methods to determine the type of any sheet according to the specific engineering requirements, and then use the one-way or two-way sheet theory to design the sheet.