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目的：探讨微小RNA-146a(miR-146a)在大黄素对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的肺泡巨噬细胞炎症反应中的作用。方法将体外去致热源培养的大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞株NR8383分为空白对照组、LPS处理组和大黄素+LPS处理组,细胞培养6 h后收集细胞,采用实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测细胞中miR-146a的表达,Western blot法检测细胞中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的表达。结果与空白对照组相比较,LPS作用后细胞中miR-146a、TNF-α和IL-6表达量明显升高；与LPS处理组相比较,大黄素+LPS处理组中miR-146a表达量显著上调,而TNF-α和IL-6表达量显著下调。结论大黄素可上调肺泡巨噬细胞中miR-146a的表达,大黄素可抑制巨噬细胞中TNF-α和IL-6的表达,miR-146a可能参与调控大黄素抗肺泡巨噬细胞炎症反应过程。“,”Objective To investigate the role of microR-146a (miR-146a) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation of rat alveolar macrophages by emodin. Methods The rat alveolar macrophages NR8383 cultured without pyrogen in vitro were divided into three groups: blank control group; LPS-stimulated group, NR8383 stimulated with 1 μg/ml of LPS; emodin-treated group, NR8383 cel s pretreated with emodin for 30 mins, then stimulated with 1μg/ml of LPS. After 6 h of incubation, the cel s were harvested. Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-146a in the cel s, and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) in NR8383 cel s were assayed by using Western blot. Results After stimulating NR8383 cel s with LPS, the expression of miR-146a and the level of TNF-αand IL-6 were al significantly highter than blank control group. Compared with LPS-stimulated group, the expression of miR-146a was significantly increased in emodin-treated group, but the level of TNF-α and IL-6 were down-regulated. Conclusion Emodin could up-regulated the expression of miR-146a after LPS-induced inflammation of NR8383 cel s, suggesting that miR-146a may be involved in regulation of rat alveolar macrophages inflammatory response.