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目的：探讨利培酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症患者的临床疗效与安全性。方法将68例首发精神分裂症患者随机分为利培酮组34例及奥氮平组34例，利培酮组患者给予口服利培酮进行治疗，奥氮平组患者给予口服奥氮平进行治疗，治疗8周后采用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）减分率评估疗效。结果利培酮组患者总有效率为94.1%（32/34），奥氮平组患者总有效率为91.2%（31/34），两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。奥氮平组嗜睡、口干和体质量增加不良反应多于利培酮组，利培酮组静坐不能、失眠和头痛不良反应多于奥氮平组（P＜0.05）。结论奥氮平与利培酮对首发精神分裂症的疗效相当，但二者不良反应不同，临床医师应根据患者的临床特点采取针对性的用药方案。“,”Objective To investigate the effect of risperidone and olanzapine in the treatment of first-episode clinical eficacy and safety in patients with schizophrenia.Methods Methods 68 patients with first episode schizophrenia were randomly divided into risperidone group in 34 cases and 34 cases of olanzapine group, risperidone group were treated with oral risperidone treatment,olanzapine group were treated with oral olanzapine treatment,after 8 weeks of treatment with PANSS reduction rate of curative effect evaluation.Results Risperidone group of patients,the total effective rate was 94.1%(32/34),olanzapine group of patients,the total effective rate was 91.2%(31/34),the difference between the two groups had no statistical significance(P>0.05).Olanzapine group drowsiness,dry mouth and body mass increase adverse effects than risperidone group,risperidone group akathisia, insomnia and headache adverse reactions than olanzapine group(P<0.05).Conclusion Equivalent efficacy of olanzapine and risperidone on schizophrenia,but the adverse reactions of two different,clinicians should take according to the regimen of according to the clinical characteristics of the patients with.