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目的探讨对下肢中心静脉置管患儿采用足踝被动运动在预防其下肢导管相关性深静脉血栓形成中的效果。方法将2014年2月至2016年12月136例下肢中心静脉置管患儿随机分为观察组68例和对照组68例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上增加足踝被动运动,观察比较两组患儿留置导管通畅情况、下肢深静脉血栓形成早期临床表现及发生率。结果观察组置管期间导管通畅62例,导管堵塞6例(8.8%);对照组置管期间导管通畅60例,导管堵塞8例(11.8%);两组堵管率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患儿下肢导管相关性深静脉血栓发生率为2.9%(2/68),低于对照组的13.2%(9/68),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.847,P<0.05)。结论足踝被动运动能促进患儿下肢静脉血液回流,可以有效降低导管相关性深静脉血栓形成,且方法简便易掌握。
Objective To investigate the effect of passive movement of ankle and foot on the prevention of catheter-related deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity in children with central venous catheter. Methods From February 2014 to December 2016, 136 children with central venous catheterization were randomly divided into observation group (68 cases) and control group (68 cases). The control group received routine nursing. The observation group increased the passive movement of the foot and ankle on the basis of routine nursing. The clinical manifestations and incidence of deep venous thrombosis in the two groups were observed and compared. Results In the observation group, there were 62 cases of catheter unobstructed during catheterization and 6 cases of catheter blockage (8.8%). In the control group, 60 cases of catheter were unobstructed during catheterization and 8 cases (11.8%) of duct blockage. There was no significant difference in the rate of occlusion between the two groups P> 0.05). The incidence of catheter-related deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was 2.9% (2/68), which was lower than that in the control group (13.2%, 9/68). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.847, P <0.05). Conclusions Passive exercise of ankle and foot can promote the blood flow of the venous blood of the lower extremities in children and can effectively reduce the catheter-related deep venous thrombosis. The method is simple and easy to grasp.