鉴别可能产生地震的断层,在评价地震灾害和危险性以及进行地震预报研究方面早已成为众所周知的课题.由于活断层具有发生大地震的潜在能力,因而无论从地震活动性或工程稳定性都在推动活断层研究的发展.对绝大多数地震发生区而言,地震危险性分析中的主要困难在于不了解潜在的破坏性地震的复发间隔.由于过去的地震事件常以断层作用的形式被保留下来,因而近期在通过地质现象识别古地震事件方面不断取得新的进展,在良好的条件下并能较准确地确定事件的复发间隔以及断层的平均滑动速率.研究古地震的方法大体可分地质方法和地貌方法两类.在活断层地震活动性的地质研究方面,广泛应用探槽技术和年代测定研究断层的活动史及其相应的古地震史,能满意地揭露所在地区的地震活动特征.Sieh在圣安德列斯断层巴雷特溪上的研究具有令人鼓舞的代表性.在地表出现由于地震事件所形成的断层崖时,它们提供了古地 Identification of faults that may produce earthquakes has long been a well-known issue in the assessment of earthquake disasters and hazards and in the study of earthquake prediction, since active faults are potentially capable of generating large earthquakes and are therefore driven either by seismicity or engineering stability The development of active fault studies The main difficulty in seismic hazard analysis for most earthquake occurrence areas is the lack of understanding of the recurring intervals of potentially damaging earthquakes since past earthquakes are often preserved in the form of faults , Recent progress has been continuously made in the identification of paleoearthquakes by geological phenomena, and under favorable conditions, the recurrence intervals of events and the average slip rate of faults can be determined more accurately.The methods of studying paleoearthquakes can be roughly divided into geologic methods And geomorphological methods.As far as the geological research on active seismicity of the active fault is concerned, the exploration of the active history of the fault and its corresponding paleoseismic history by extensively using the trenches and dating to reveal the seismic activity characteristics in the area can be satisfactorily disclosed.Sieh Research on the Barrett Creek in the San Andres Fault has an encouraging generation Resistance. When the surface occurs due to the fault scarp formed by seismic events, they provide paleomagnetic