沿海和内河,是一国领土主权不可分割的组成部分。按照国际法,沿海(岸)国可以“禁止外国船舶从事沿海的航行和贸易,即所谓沿海航运,并专为其本国船舶保留这种沿海贸易”([英]劳特派特修订,石蒂、陈健译:《奥本海国际法》上卷第2分册,商务印书馆1971年版,第30页),也“没有规定给 Coastal and inland water are an integral part of the sovereignty of a country’s territory. In accordance with international law, coastal (shore) countries can “prohibit foreign ships from engaging in coastal navigation and trade, the so-called coastal shipping, and retain such coastal trade exclusively for their own ships” ([English] Laotate Revised, Shi Di, Chen Health Translation: “Auburn Sea International Law Volume 2, Commercial Press 1971 edition, p. 30), also” no provision for