自从 2 0 0多年前英国医生琴纳发明接种牛痘预防天花以来 ,免疫接种在预防和控制各种感染性疾病方面取得了令人瞩目的成绩 ,特别是天花在全世界的消灭 ,更加奠定了疫苗的地位。迄今已有可预防 30余种不同疾病的疫苗问世。全世界自 1974年实施扩大免疫规划以来 ,预防麻疹、白喉 Vaccination has made remarkable achievements in prevention and control of various infectious diseases since British physician Jenner invented the Vaccination Against Smallpox more than 200 years ago. In particular, the elimination of smallpox in the world has led to the establishment of more vaccines Position. To date, vaccines have been available to prevent over 30 different diseases. Measles and diphtheria are prevented in the world since the expanded immunization program in 1974