交通运输是指劳动者使用运输工具和设备,实现人和物空间位移的有目的的生产活动,是人类社会生产,经济文化建设中一个重要环节,现代化的交通运输业包括铁路、水运、公路、航空和管道五种基本的运输方式,其中,铁路运输占有很大的比例。铁路运输业是一个独立的特殊的物质生产部门,是发展国民经济、提高人民物质文化生活水平的重要基础设施。中国的铁路事业从清朝末年开始经过100多年的发展与建设取得了前所未有的成就。 Transportation refers to the purposeful production activities by which workers use transportation means and equipment to realize the displacement of people and objects. It is an important link in the production of human society and in the construction of economic and cultural fields. The modern transportation industry includes railways, waterways, highways, Aviation and pipeline five basic modes of transport, of which rail transport occupy a large proportion. The railway transportation industry is an independent and special material production department and an important infrastructure for developing the national economy and improving people’s material and cultural life. China’s railway undertaking made unprecedented achievements after 100 years of development and construction since the last years of the Qing Dynasty.