自罗尔斯的《正义论》出版以来,契约论已经成为英美道德哲学与政治哲学中最强有力的学说。[1]但是契约论从来就没有一个统一的流派。在古典契约论时期,霍布斯、洛克、卢梭、康德等人都堪称契约论的经典作家,他们彼此的逻辑结构与政策主张存在着重要差异。当代契约论的发展更是 Since Rawls’s “Theory of Justice” was published, contract theory has become the strongest doctrine in the ethical and political philosophies of Britain and the United States. [1] However, contract theory has never had a unified genre. In the era of classical contract, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Kant and others are called contractual classics writers, and their logical structure and policy advocates there are important differences. The development of contemporary contract theory is even more