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目的了解城市家庭及其成员吸烟状况,掌握城市家庭及其成员对吸烟的知识-态度-行为(KAP)及影响KAP的因素,为控烟提出对策和建议。方法在南京市主城区按整群分层随机抽取方法抽出419户家庭,每个家庭抽取1名家庭成员作为代表填写答卷,对获得的409份合格问卷进行描述性统计、检验和Logistic分析。结果家庭现在吸烟率68.2%,家庭曾经吸烟率90.2%;家庭成员代表个人的现在吸烟率31.5%,个人曾经吸烟率39.9%。个人第一次尝试吸烟年龄≤18岁的占46.6%;第一次使用香烟来源于朋友的占48.1%。曾经吸烟家庭成员代表的香烟知识态度得分显著低于从不吸烟家庭成员代表(P<0.05)。曾经吸烟家庭中三种吸烟限定对其成员的知识态度得分差异有显著性(P<0.05)。现在吸烟家庭的成员代表和现在不吸烟家庭的成员代表的知识态度得分差异有显著性(P<0.05)。女性、已婚、有职业的人群KAP得分较高。控烟健康教育的主要内容是:充分认识吸烟损害健康;吸烟不是交际手段;对周围人吸烟反感;自己同龄人大部分不吸烟。结论家庭是戒烟、控烟的主要场所和关键平台。已婚女性是戒烟、控烟的关键依靠人群。儿童青少年是控烟的关键目标人群。不敬烟、不劝烟是控烟的关键措施。
Objectives To understand the smoking status of urban families and their members, to understand the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAP) of urban households and their members about smoking and factors that affect KAP, and to put forward countermeasures and suggestions for tobacco control. Methods A total of 419 families were selected according to stratified stratification random sampling method in Nanjing city. One family member from each household was selected as the representative to fill in the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, tests and Logistic analysis were conducted on the 409 eligible questionnaires. Results The family smoking rate is now 68.2%, family smoking rate was 90.2%; family members on behalf of the individual now smoking rate of 31.5%, 39.9% of individuals had smoking. 46.6% of individuals aged 18 or older attempted to smoke for the first time, and 48.1% of those who used cigarettes for the first time were from friends. Cigarette knowledge attitude scores of former smoking family members were significantly lower than those of non-smoking family members (P <0.05). There were significant differences in the scores of knowledge attitude between the three smoking restrictions of former smokers and their members (P <0.05). There is a significant difference in the scores of knowledge attitude among the smoking family members and the current non-smoking family members (P <0.05). KAP scores were higher for women, married and working people. Tobacco control health education is the main content: a full understanding of smoking damage to health; smoking is not a means of communication; antipathy to the people around smoking; most of their peers do not smoke. Conclusion The family is the main site for smoking cessation and tobacco control and a key platform. Married women are smoking cessation, tobacco control depends on the crowd. Children and adolescents are a key target group for tobacco control. Disrespecting cigarettes, do not advise the smoke is the key to tobacco control measures.