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无论是自然科学,还是人文社科领域,复杂现象表现出诸多要素相互联系、错综复杂的关系,人们观察到的复杂现象数据形式常常表现为高维、相依、非线性的特点。有时,复杂现象表现多层次属性、多指标的特
No matter in the fields of natural science or humanities and social sciences, complex phenomena show the interrelated and intricate relationships among many elements. The data patterns of complex phenomena observed by people often show high-dimensional, dependent and non-linear characteristics. Sometimes, complex phenomena show multi-level attributes, multi-indicator special