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资本存量是宏观经济研究中经常用到且非常重要的一个变量,并且估算工作甚为复杂。本文对资本存量的估算工作进行了较为详实的梳理,包括估算方法、投资额、价格平减指数、基期资本存量和折旧率等方面。估算方法、投资额和价格平减指数等方面学术界基本达成共识。基期资本存量和折旧率的测算方法还处在争议和不断完善的过程中,且最重要的核心变量——折旧率的发展方向基本明确,就是用可变折旧率来替代不变折旧率。
Capital stock is a variable commonly used and very important in macroeconomic research, and the estimation work is very complex. This paper reviews the estimation of capital stock in more detail, including the estimation method, investment amount, price deflator, base period capital stock and depreciation rate. The method of estimation, the amount of investment and the index of price deflation have basically reached consensus in academia. The calculation method of base capital stock and depreciation rate is still in the process of dispute and continuous improvement. And the most important core variable, the direction of development of depreciation rate, is basically clear, that is, the constant depreciation rate is used to replace the constant depreciation rate.