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密西西比州Black Creeks油田的Smackover组在埋藏过程中,有机和无机的相互作用,导致烃类几乎完全被破坏。被套地层埋藏至6km的深度,经历过200℃的温度,含H_2s78％,CO_220％,CH_42％。三个不同的埋藏成岩作用阶段对应于三个不同有机质的成熟阶段。生油窗之前的成岩作用以沥青形成前方解石胶结的沉淀作用为主。在生油窗内的成岩过程,固体沥青沉淀于含烃类的储层中,同时在水充填的层段中,形成马鞍状白云石和硬石膏。生气窗成岩作用以热化学硫(TSR)降低为主,使烃类遭到破坏,硬石膏溶解,同时大量的H_2S、CO_2、S°生成,发生沥青形成后的方解石胶结。在TSR作用时,硬石膏和H_2S相互反应,产生S°,又与CH_4相互作用,在自增强循环中生成了更多的H_2S。由于缺乏金属相离子H_2、S波稳定成为金属硫化物,足够的硫生成H_2S,一个封闭体系阻止H_2S的逸出,TSR循环连续,直到耗掉所有烃类。 密西西比州Smackover组的含烃储层中,H_2s几乎接近零,曾经历过120℃的温度,地层年代超过50×10~6年,这就说明TSR作用与时间无关。地层深度对应的温度在140℃—150℃时,高H_2S随着温度增加而增加,表明TSR一种热动力作用。在其它地区较低温度(80℃—120℃)情况下,存在着较高的H_2S的浓度可由下面的因素解释:①H_2S相应进入这些储层中;②高
During the burial process, the Smackover Formation in the Black Creeks, Mississippi, caused an almost complete breakdown of hydrocarbons by organic and inorganic interactions. Quenched by strata buried to a depth of 6km, experiencing a temperature of 200 ℃, containing H_2s78%, CO_220%, CH_42%. Three different burial diagenetic stages correspond to the maturation stages of three different organic matter. The diagenesis before the oil window is dominated by the precipitation of calcite before formation of asphalt. During diagenesis in the oil production window, solid bitumen is precipitated in hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs while saddle-like dolomites and anhydrite are formed in the water-filled intervals. The biogas diagenesis is dominated by the reduction of thermochemical sulfur (TSR). Hydrocarbons are destroyed and anhydrite is dissolved. At the same time, a large amount of H 2 S, CO 2 and S ° are generated and calcite cementation after bitumen formation occurs. During the action of TSR, anhydrite interacts with H 2 S to produce S °, which interacts with CH 4 to generate more H 2 S in the self-enhancement cycle. Due to the lack of metal-phase ions H 2, the S-wave stabilizes into metal sulphides, enough sulfur forms H 2 S, a closed system prevents the escape of H 2 S, and the TSR cycles continuously until all hydrocarbons are consumed. In the hydrocarbon reservoirs of the Smackover Formation in Mississippi, H 2 S is almost zero and has experienced a temperature of 120 ° C for over 50 × 10 -6 years, indicating that the role of TSR has nothing to do with time. When the temperature of formation depth corresponds to 140 ℃ -150 ℃, high H 2 S increases with increasing temperature, indicating that TSR is a kind of thermodynamic action. At lower temperatures (80 ° C-120 ° C) elsewhere, higher concentrations of H 2 S can be explained by the following factors: H 2 S correspondingly enters these reservoirs;