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目的了解凤凰县留守与非留守中学生体育锻炼、日常饮食行为现况,为少数民族地区学校开展体育卫生工作提供参考。方法采用中国青少年健康相关行为问卷,分层随机整群抽取凤凰县4所中学1 348名学生进行问卷调查。结果每周参加体育锻炼3~4次的报告率非留守初中生(16.56%)高于留守组(11.87%),每次体育锻炼时间≤30min的留守中学女生(89.72%)高于非留守组(81.52%),与家人一起参加体育锻炼的报告率城市非留守中学生(8.80%)高于城市留守中学生(2.35%),参加体育锻炼态度为不积极的报告率非留守高中生(25.07%)高于留守组(16.16%),差异均具有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。不喝牛奶行为报告率留守中学男生(73.61%)高于非留守组(62.02%),偏食行为报告率非留守初中生(31.88%)高于留守组(21.18%),常吃甜食行为报告率农村非留守中学生(30.61%)高于农村留守组(24.07%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论针对凤凰县留守与非留守中学生参加体育锻炼、健康饮食情况的不同问题,应积极开展促进身体健康的相关教育。
Objective To understand the current situation of physical exercise and daily diet of left-behind and non-left-behind middle school students in Fenghuang County, and to provide reference for schools to carry out sports health work in ethnic minority areas. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 348 students from 4 middle schools in Fenghuang County using stratified random cluster analysis. Results The reported rate of participating in physical exercise 3-4 times a week was higher than that of left-behind students (11.57%), and that of left-behind middle school students (89.72%) was less than 30 minutes (81.52%), reported their participation in physical exercise with their families. The rate of non-staying high school students (8.80%) was higher than that of urban left-behind middle school students (2.35%), Higher than left-behind group (16.16%), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). (73.61%) were left behind in high school (62.02%), non-left-behind junior high school students (31.88%) were higher than those in left-behind group (21.18%), The number of non-staying middle school students in rural areas (30.61%) was higher than that in rural left-behind families (24.07%), with statistical significance (P <0.01). Conclusions Aiming at the different problems that Fenghuang County left-behind and non-left-behind middle school students participate in physical exercise and healthy diet, relevant education should be actively promoted to promote their health.