第七章 炸药和起爆器材 在农田基本建设中,利用炸药的爆破作用在开挖土石方、修渠、搬山造田、筑坝等工程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。在大爆破中,炸药的费用在整个工程费用中占很大比例。因此,在计算用药量和生产配制炸药过程时,应当充分注意发挥和利用炸药的爆炸作用。 炸药可分为固体炸药和液体炸药,有的是化合物(如黑索金、梯恩梯等),有的是混合物(如铵油炸药)。在农田基本建设中,常用的炸药品种有铵梯炸药、铵油炸药以及黑火药,其中以硝酸铵(化 Chapter VII Explosives and Initiators In the field of farmland infrastructures, explosives using explosives have gained more and more widespread application in such projects as earth excavation, canal repair, land removal and dam construction. In the big blast, the cost of explosives accounted for a large proportion of the entire project costs. Therefore, in the calculation of the dosage and the process of producing the formulated explosives, full attention should be paid to the explosive action of the explosive. Explosives can be divided into solid explosives and liquid explosives, some compounds (such as black gold gold, TNT, etc.), and some mixtures (such as ammonium explosives). In farmland infrastructures, commonly used explosives are ammonium ladder explosives, ammonium oil explosives and black powder, of which ammonium nitrate