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大柴旦盐湖因蕴藏固体和液体硼矿资源成为柴达木盆地诸多盐湖中最早被关注和开发的盐湖之一;不仅如此,还沉积有全球少有分布的湖底特色柱硼镁石矿床。基于大柴旦盐湖硼矿床的地质特征和硼同位素地球化学特征,与国内外不同硼矿床开展对比研究,旨在探讨主控硼矿床形成的影响因素及其异同点。研究发现,大柴旦盐湖硼矿床与国内外硼矿床的形成均受控于新构造运动、封闭—半封闭的低洼汇水盆地以及极度干旱的气候条件等因素,所有硼矿床均与火山岩或含电气石花岗岩有密切关联,成矿物质特别是硼元素主要来源于火山岩或含电气石花岗岩,经热泉水、温泉水和大气降水的水岩作用后迁移富集。主控因子化学组分或盐湖水化学特性的不同致使硼矿物的种类和矿物共生组合特征等方面表现出一定的差异性。
The Dachaidan Salt Lake is one of the earliest salt lakes that have been noticed and developed in many salt lakes of the Qaidam Basin due to its solid and liquid boron mineral resources. In addition, there are also rare deposits of lake-bottom pillared deposits in the world. Based on the geologic features and boron isotope geochemical characteristics of the Dachai Dan Salt Lake boron deposit, the study is compared with the different boron deposits at home and abroad to discuss the influencing factors and similarities and differences of the host boron deposit. The study found that the formation of Dachaqitan salt lake boron deposits and boron deposits at home and abroad are controlled by neotectonic movement, closed-semi-closed low-lying catchment basins and extremely arid climatic conditions. All boron deposits are associated with volcanic rocks or with electrical Stone granites are closely related to each other. The ore-forming materials, especially boron, are mainly derived from volcanic rocks or tourmaline-bearing granites. They migrate and enrich after water and rock from hot spring water, hot spring water and atmospheric precipitation. The chemical composition of the main control factor or the different chemical properties of the salt lake water resulted in some differences in the types of boron minerals and the symbiosis of mineral assemblages.