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公共服务的提升和完善已经成为开发区转型发展和品质提升的重要推力。本文以昆山高新技术产业开发区为例,采取社会调查方法对本地居民和外来务工人员进行了访谈和问卷调查,以“供给——需求”模型来剖析开发区在转型发展过程中所遇到的公共服务供需矛盾问题。研究表明,开发区在医疗、教育、文体、公园绿地、商业等公共服务设施的供给上存在分布不均衡、空间约束、软供给不足和供给不公平等问题;在公共服务需求上存在本地居民与外地务工人员的类型、空间和时间需求差异大,公共服务需求品质化以及体验式公共服务需求凸显等特征。分析供需矛盾产生的五大原因,包括:人口增长导致需求总量大幅增加;长期的“重产出、轻服务”导致公共服务配套较为滞后;本地居民和外来人口的需求差异化加剧了供需矛盾;传统公共设施规划手段应对失灵和开发区管理机制的不健全。本文最后从规划和管理两大维度提出了若干应对策略。
The improvement and improvement of public services has become an important thrust for the transformation and development and quality improvement of the development zone. Taking Kunshan High-tech Industrial Development Zone as an example, this paper uses social survey methods to interview and survey local residents and migrant workers to analyze the development zone encounter in the process of transformation and development with “supply - demand ” model To the contradiction between supply and demand of public services. The research shows that the development zones have unbalanced distribution, space constraints, inadequate supply of soft supply and unfair supply of supply of public service facilities such as medical services, education, sports, parks, green spaces and commerce. In terms of public service demand, local residents and The types of foreign workers, the large differences in space and time requirements, the quality of public service needs, and the exponential demand for experiential public services. Analysis of five major causes of supply and demand contradictions, including: population growth led to a substantial increase in total demand; long-term “heavy output, light service ” led to lagging behind the public service package; local residents and migrants demand differentiation exacerbated the supply and demand Contradictions; traditional public facilities planning measures to deal with failure and development zone management mechanism is not perfect. At the end of this article, several coping strategies are put forward from the two dimensions of planning and management.