学习目标是学习主体对学习对象欲求达到的认知水准或欲求达到的理想状态,对学生学习及自我价值的实现起着导向和激励的功效,因此,学生实现学习目标的基本规律对于提高学生的认知水平及发挥教师的主导和学生的主观能动作用具有重要的理论价值和实践价值。学习自主性强而学有成就的学生的成长历程,一般是按如下模式向前发展的:明确目标→找出差距→消除差距实现目标→提出新的目标 The learning objective is the cognitive level or the desired ideal state that the learning subject desires to achieve, which plays a guiding and stimulating role in the students ’learning and the realization of self-worth. Therefore, the basic rules for students to achieve their learning goals are very important for improving the students’ The level of cognition and teachers ’dominance and students’ subjective initiative play an important theoretical and practical value. The growth of students with strong autonomy and achievement is generally based on the following patterns: clear goals → finding gaps → eliminating gaps to achieve goals → proposing new goals