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柴油机涡轮增压技术的采用,在动力性、经济性以及减少排污等方面表现了独特的优越性。但也使柴油机系统复杂化,引起了一些新的问题,其中突出的一点是瞬态性能问题,即涡轮增压柴油机不能象自然吸气柴油机那样迅速地响应负荷的变化。同时,由于能源和环境问题日趋严峻,使内燃机设计的最重要领域由最大功率区域扩展为主要与瞬态性能相关的整个运转区域。本文基于英国Winterbone 教授的研究成果,建立了X-150柴油机的稳准定法模型,对其瞬态性能以及各种影响因素,特别是机械式调速器参数的影响,进行了研究。模型中各种经验公式的构成形式具有普遍性。
The adoption of diesel turbocharger technology has shown unique superiority in power, economy and emission reduction. However, it complicates the diesel engine system and raises some new problems. One of the outstanding features of the diesel engine system is the transient performance problem. Turbocharged diesel engines can not respond to changes in load as rapidly as naturally aspirated diesel engines. In the meantime, due to the increasingly severe energy and environmental problems, the most important area of engine design is expanded from the maximum power area to the entire operating area that is mainly related to transient performance. Based on the research results of Professor Winterbone in the United Kingdom, this paper establishes the steady-state model of X-150 diesel engine, and studies its transient performance and various influencing factors, especially the mechanical governor parameters. The composition of various empirical formulas in the model is universal.