冬小麦小花发育的不同时期遇到土壤干旱,对小花总数没有明显影响。但各处理间在成花数和结实数上的差异十分显著,以小花两极分化期缺水,对成花数下降影响最大;小花分化期缺水,穗粒数减少最多。除土壤水分不足直接地影响成花与结实外,还由于缺水阻碍了植株对氮、磷的吸收。各处理在缺水期间茎鞘中的硝态氮、氨基酸、全氮和无机磷的含量都低于对照。可见,缺水造成的开花、结实率低,在很大程度上也是营养条件恶化的结果。土壤水分亏缺所造成的水分、养分的短缺,使植株各器官的生长量减少,但却加速了发育进程,从而导致发育不完善的小花增加,最终造成穗粒数下降。 Winter wheat floret development encountered different periods of soil drought, the total number of small flowers had no significant effect. However, there was a significant difference in the number of flowers between the treatments and the number of sturdy ones. The water shortage during the period of floret polarization had the greatest effect on the decrease of flower number. In addition to soil moisture directly affect the flowering and fruiting, but also due to lack of water hinder the plant’s absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus. The contents of nitrate nitrogen, amino acids, total nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus in stems and sheaths of the treatments were all lower than those of the control. Can be seen that the water flowering caused by lack of water, seed setting rate is low, to a large extent, is the result of deterioration of nutritional conditions. Soil water deficit caused by the lack of water and nutrients, so that the growth of various organs of plants to reduce, but it accelerated the development process, resulting in less developed florets increased, eventually resulting in decreased grains per spike.