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目的分析总结怀化市2006—2015年职业病发病特点,为政府相关部门制定职业病防治策略提供科学依据。方法整理2006—2015年由怀化市疾病预防控制中心诊断并经中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的新发职业病病例资料,并进行统计分析。结果 2006—2015年怀化市共诊断报告职业病469例,包含5大类12种,以尘肺病为主(87.2%),其次是职业性噪声聋(7.7%)。尘肺病又以矽肺为主(87.8%)。职业病地区分布主要集中在洪江市(34.8%)、辰溪县(19.2%)和麻阳县(17.7%);职业病行业分布主要集中在有色金属(31.4%)、煤炭(24.9%)和卫生社保(24.1%);职业病企业分布主要集中在国有企业和小型企业。结论尘肺病和职业性噪声聋是该市主要职业病,高发地区小型企业及有色金属、煤炭等行业是职业卫生监管的重点。
Objective To analyze and summarize the characteristics of occupational diseases in Huaihua City from 2006 to 2015 and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of occupational diseases by relevant government departments. Methods The data of cases of new occupational diseases diagnosed by Huaihua Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention and reported by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2006 to 2015 were collected and analyzed statistically. Results A total of 469 cases of occupational diseases were reported in Huaihua City from 2006 to 2015, covering 12 categories of 5 major categories, mainly pneumoconiosis (87.2%), followed by occupational noisy deafness (7.7%). Pneumoconiosis and silicosis (87.8%). The distribution of occupational diseases mainly concentrated in Hongjiang City (34.8%), Chenxi County (19.2%) and Mayang County (17.7%). Occupational disease distribution mainly concentrated in nonferrous metals (31.4%), coal (24.9%) and public health insurance 24.1%); the distribution of occupational diseases enterprises mainly concentrated in state-owned enterprises and small enterprises. Conclusions Pneumoconiosis and occupational noise deafness are the major occupational diseases in this city. Small enterprises, nonferrous metals and coal industries in high incidence areas are the focus of occupational health supervision.