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对两种形式的温差拉伸控制铝合金薄板焊接残余变形的效果和规律进行了研究。研究表明，由随焊激冷造成的动态温差拉伸减小焊接变形的效果受夹具自身散热条件的影响较大：不采用整体预热时，难以造成马鞍形温度场，此时减小焊接变形的机理主要是焊接线能量的等效降低；采用整体预热后，能够造成一定程度的温差拉伸，减小焊接变形的效果明显提高。中间冷却两侧加热的静态温差拉伸能够造成显著的马鞍形温度场，充分发挥温差拉伸的作用，有效地减小了焊接变形。静态与动态温差拉伸结合使用，获得了最小的焊接变形。
The effects and rules of the two forms of temperature difference tensile control on the welding residual deformation of aluminum alloy sheet were studied. The research shows that the effect of reducing the welding deformation caused by the dynamic temperature difference stretching caused by the welding chill is greatly affected by the cooling conditions of the jig itself: when the whole preheating is not adopted, it is hard to cause the saddle-shaped temperature field and the welding deformation is reduced The main mechanism is the equivalent reduction of welding line energy; using the overall preheating, can cause a certain degree of temperature difference stretching, reducing the effect of welding deformation was significantly improved. The static temperature difference between the two sides of the intermediate cooling can result in a significant saddle-shaped temperature field and give full play to the effect of temperature difference stretching, which can effectively reduce the welding deformation. Combined with static and dynamic temperature difference stretching, minimal welding distortion is obtained.