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目的研究深圳市龙岗区突发性职业中毒监测预警系统。方法收集分析本市龙岗区职业病资料,调查3 617家企业,根据国家职业病危害作业分级标准对本辖区用人单位工作场所存在的化学和粉尘因素进行职业病危害作业分级,利用logistic回归分析等统计方法,分析和研究职业中毒事件发生特征、影响因素,采用风险评估方法从早期发现职业中毒隐患。结果根据实际情况建立突发性职业病危害监测和中毒预警系统并试运行近2年,期间年职业病发病人数20人,少于1995—2009年的年平均发病人数30人;职业病发病呈现散发状态,急性职业病发病明显减少,运行期间没有发生重大职业中毒事故,也无职业中毒死亡人员。结论本市龙岗区职业病危害监测和中毒预警系统的建立和运用,能有效预防、控制和减轻职业危害和急性职业中毒事件对社会的影响。
Objective To study the sudden occupational poisoning monitoring and early warning system in Longgang District of Shenzhen City. Methods The data of occupational diseases in Longgang District were collected and analyzed. 3,617 enterprises were investigated. According to the grading standard of occupational hazards in the country, occupational hazards were classified according to the chemical and dust factors existing in the workplace of employers in this area. Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to analyze And study occupational poisoning occurrence characteristics, influencing factors, risk assessment methods from the early detection of occupational poisoning risks. Results According to the actual situation, a sudden occupational disease hazard monitoring and poisoning early warning system was established and put into trial operation for nearly two years. During the period, the number of annual occupational diseases was 20, less than the average annual incidence of 30 in 1995-2009. The incidence of occupational diseases was extinction, Significantly reduce the incidence of acute occupational diseases, there is no major occupational poisoning during operation, there are no occupational poisoning deaths. Conclusion The establishment and application of occupational disease hazard monitoring and poisoning early warning system in Longgang District can effectively prevent, control and mitigate the impact of occupational hazards and acute occupational poisoning on society.