食道静脉曲张出血常危及病人生命,且一旦出血,再次出血率很高。1939年瑞典的Crawford和Frankner首次向食道静脉内注射硬化剂来治疗食道静脉曲张出血的病人。1955年英国Macbeth报道治疗一组30人并热心倡导此法。硬化治疗的目的有二:一是紧急止血;二是预防再出血。其优点是只消除曲张的食道粘膜静脉而不损伤其它侧枝循环,因而不会 Esophageal varices often endanger the lives of patients, and once bleeding, the rate of re-bleeding is high. In 1939, Crawford and Frankner in Sweden first injected sclerosing agents into the esophagus to treat esophageal variceal hemorrhage. 1955 Britain Macbeth reported treatment of a group of 30 people and enthusiastically advocated this method. The purpose of sclerotherapy is twofold: First, emergency hemostasis; second is to prevent rebleeding. The advantage is that only the varicose esophageal mucosa is eliminated without damaging the other collateral circulation and therefore not