To briefly review schistosomiasis situation in the past, progress in the control program and problems to be solved Data sources Data from literature published at home and abroad on the control and research of schistosomiasis in China in biomedical journals and monographs, and a few data from the Office of Endemic Diseases Control, Ministry of Health, are collected Study selection Information on this topic are screened and the important ones are selected Results Schistosomiasis in China was serious Through hard work for control for half decade, great progress has been achieved after implementation of the control program Control approaches are introduced Compared with data in the early 1950s, endemic provinces decreased from 12 to 5, infected persons, from more than 10 million to around 865?000, and the areas of Oncomelania snail habitats, from 14 billion m 2 to 3 6 billion m 2 Proportion of symptomatic patients among those infected has a significant reduction The national criteria for control and elimination of schistosomiasis in China are introduced Conclusions The achievements of schistosomiasis control are tremendous but the tasks in China are arduous Especially after last year’s heavy flood, areas of snail habitats are increasing To consolidate the success and to put the still endemic areas under control are long term and arduous tasks confronting China To short review schistosomiasis situation in the past, progress in the control program and problems to be solved Data sources Data from literature published at home and abroad on the control and research of schistosomiasis in China in biomedical journals and monographs, and a few data from the Office of Endemic Diseases Control, Ministry of Health, are collected Study selection Information on this topic are screened and the important ones are selected Results Schistosomiasis in China was serious Through hard work for control for half decade, great progress has been achieved after the implementation of the control program Control approaches are introduced compared with data in the early 1950s, endemic provinces decreased from 12 to 5, infected persons, from more than 10 million to around 865 000, and the areas of Oncomelania snail habitats, from 14 billion m 2 to 3 6 billion m 2 Proportion of symptomatic patients among those infected has a significant reduction The nati onal criteria for control and elimination of schistosomiasis in China are introduced Conclusions The achievements of schistosomiasis control are tremendous but the tasks in China are arduous Especially after last year’s heavy flood, areas of snail habitats are increasing To consolidate the success and to put the still endemic areas under control are long term and arduous tasks confronting China