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目的:分析我院儿科患儿医院下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布情况和耐药性情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法:本文以我院儿科近年来(2015年8月至2016年8月期间)临床收治的下呼吸道感染患儿566例为研究对象,针对患儿的病原菌分布情况和耐药性情况进行了调查研究。结果:本次研究的566例患儿共检出病原菌126株,病原菌检出率为22.26%。其中肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌,构成比分别为23.80%、17.56%、10.32%和7.14%;肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林、头抱曲松、复方新诺明、氨曲南的耐药率分别为76.67%、73.33%、36.67%和26.67%;大肠埃希氏菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、头抱曲松、哌拉西林、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶的耐药率分别为72.73%、72.73%、68.18%、45.46%、27.27%、22.72%;金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林、红霉素、阿奇霉素、克林霉素、复方新诺明、庆大霉素的耐药率分别为100.00%、84.6%、84.6%、69.23%、53.85%和38.46%。结论:儿科医院呼吸道感染的病原菌以肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主,且多重耐药菌感染增多,临床抗菌药选择的应根据药敏试验结果进行针对性的选择用药以提高临床治疗的有效性及合理性,减少耐药菌株产生。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in pediatric pediatric hospital in our hospital and provide basis for rational use of antibacterial drugs in clinic. Methods: In this paper, 566 children with lower respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from recent years (from August 2015 to August 2016) were enrolled in this study. The distribution of pathogens and drug resistance in children were investigated the study. Results: A total of 126 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 566 children in this study. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 22.26%. Among them, the ratios of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were 23.80%, 17.56%, 10.32% and 7.14%, respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae was resistant to ampicillin, The rates of resistance to azoxystrobin, cotrimoxazole and aztreonam were 76.67%, 73.33%, 36.67% and 26.67%, respectively. Escherichia coli was effective against ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, , The antibacterial rates of cefepime and ceftazidime were 72.73%, 72.73%, 68.18%, 45.46%, 27.27% and 22.72%, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin, clindamycin, Resistin and gentamycin were 100.00%, 84.6%, 84.6%, 69.23%, 53.85% and 38.46%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the main pathogens of respiratory tract infection in pediatric hospitals. The infection of multi-drug resistant bacteria is increased. The selection of clinical antimicrobial agents should be targeted according to the drug susceptibility test results The choice of medication to improve the effectiveness of clinical treatment and rationality, reduce the generation of drug-resistant strains.