台湾科学史学开创于20世纪40年代末、50年代初,在经历60年代中、晚期的一段短暂的低谷期之后,于70年代迎来新的发展转机,并逐渐走上正轨。20世纪80年代开始,随着建制化的进行,台湾科学史学日趋成熟取得了繁荣发展。在这一进程中,台湾科学史学逐渐地形成了自身一些较为鲜明的特色。一、兼收并蓄的研究理念20世纪50、60年代,在台湾地区占主导地位的史学是从大陆迁去的“新考据史学”。其治史的方法就是用自然科学的实证方法(观察、实验、比较),对史料进行考订、辨证,在排比史料中澄清历史事实;同时针对历 The history of science in Taiwan was founded in the late 1940s and early 1950s. After a brief period of low trough in the middle and late 1960s, the history of science in Taiwan ushered in a new development opportunity in the 1970s and gradually got on the right track. Beginning in the 1980s, as the institutionalization progressed, the scientific historiography of Taiwan became more and more prosperous. In this process, Taiwan’s science historian gradually formed its own distinctive features. First, an eclectic research philosophy In the 1950s and 1960s, the dominant historiography in Taiwan was the “New Textual Criticism of Historical Studies” moved from the mainland. The method of its history is to use the empirical method of natural science (observation, experiment, comparison), the textbook examination, dialectical, historical facts in the parallel historical facts; at the same time for the calendar