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目的:探讨7-9岁高功能自闭症儿童面孔加工时事件相关电位(Electrical event-relateds,ERP)的变化及其意义。方法:选择7-9岁自闭症儿童(实验组)与普通儿童(对照组)各15名,以中国人中性面孔及常见物件为刺激材料,记录和比较两类儿童在面孔刺激下的脑电成分。结果:剔除无效数据后,有效被试:实验组12人、对照组14人,两组年龄和性别组成无显著性差异(P>0.05)。而,自闭症组按键反应时间、面孔反应时间显著长于对照组(按键反应F=9.26,P<0.05;面孔反应t=5.32,P<0.05)。在面孔刺激因素下,自闭症组平均波峰明显小于对照组(t=4.62,P<0.05)。在物件刺激因素下,两组平均波峰无显著差异(t=0.21,P>0.05)。而两组的潜伏期组别主效应不显著(F=1.63,P>0.05)。结论:自闭症儿童面孔结构编码过程异常,对面孔的关注度比普通儿童低。本文证实了自闭症儿童知觉/认知缺陷的存在,为更进一步研究提供了理论依据。
Objective: To investigate the changes and significance of event-relateds (ERPs) in the processing of 7-9-year-old children with high-functional autism. Methods: A total of 15 autistic children aged 7-9 years (experimental group) and 15 normal children (control group) were enrolled in this study. Neutral faces and common objects were used as stimulating materials to record and compare the effects of facial stimulation EEG composition. Results: After eliminating invalid data, 12 subjects in experimental group and 14 in control group were effective subjects. There was no significant difference in age and sex between the two groups (P> 0.05). However, the key reaction time and face reaction time in autism group were significantly longer than those in the control group (key reaction F = 9.26, P <0.05; face reaction t = 5.32, P <0.05). The average peak of autism group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t = 4.62, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of object stimuli (t = 0.21, P> 0.05). The main effect of the two groups of incubation period was not significant (F = 1.63, P> 0.05). Conclusion: The autistic children’s face structure coding process is abnormal, and their attention to faces is lower than that of ordinary children. This article confirms the existence of cognitive / cognitive deficits in children with autism and provides a theoretical basis for further research.