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1 什么是元认知简单地说,即关于认知的认知.它是个体对自己认知活动的自我意识、自我监控和自我调节.在科技迅猛发展的今天,教育的目标更趋向于“应该更努力寻求获得知识的方法”,即学会如何学习,而学会学习的实质就是掌握有效的学习策略.显然,元认知在学习策略中有着重要的地位.鉴于元认知有广泛的迁移性,对各种认知活动具有更普遍的指导作用,自70年代美国的弗拉维尔(J.H.Flavell)率先提出这一概念后,各国的教育家、心理学家就致力于该领域的研究,使之成为教育科研的一个热点.
1 What is metacognition? Simply put, that is, cognition about cognition. It is the individual’s self-consciousness, self-monitoring, and self-regulation of his own cognitive activities. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, the goal of education tends to be More efforts should be made to find ways to acquire knowledge, that is, how to learn, and the essence of learning to learn is to master effective learning strategies. Obviously, metacognition plays an important role in learning strategies. Given that metacognition has extensive mobility It has a more universal guiding role in various cognitive activities. Since the United States’s JHFlavell first proposed this concept in the 1970s, educators and psychologists from various countries have devoted themselves to research in this field. It becomes a hot spot for educational research.