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目的研究军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我的性别、年级特点。方法整群抽取某军校一至四年级大学生930名,采用大学生社会自我问卷、青少年一般学业自我量表、青少年身体自我量表为测试工具。结果①军校大学生社会自我的发展整体水平较高,男生与女生在人际威信、陌生人关系、团体地位、师生关系、异性同学关系、角色体验6个维度上存在显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),各年级在10个维度上均达到显著差异(P<0.01)。②军校大学生的学业自我发展状况良好,男生与女生在各维度上未见显著差异(P>0.05),各年级在4个维度上均达到显著差异(P<0.01),呈现大二>大三>大四>大一的发展特点。③军校大学生身体自我的发展整体水平较高,男生与女生在运动特征、身材特征维度上存在显著差异(P<0.01),各年级在5个维度上均达到显著差异(P<0.01)。④不同年级、不同性别的军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我在总均分上达到显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论不同性别、年级的军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我的发展有差异,应因材施教以取得最好的发展。
Objective To study the gender and grade characteristics of social, academic and physical self in military college students. Methods A total of 930 first-year undergraduates were recruited from a military academy. The self-questionnaire of college students, the General Academic Self-rating Scale for Adolescents and the Self-Physical Adolescent Scale were used as test tools. Results ① The social self-development of military undergraduates was relatively high. There were significant differences between boys and girls in six dimensions of interpersonal prestige, stranger relationship, group status, teacher-student relationship, heterosexual class relationship and role experience (P <0.05, P <0.01), and all grades reached significant differences in 10 dimensions (P <0.01). ②The academic self-development of military undergraduates is in good condition. There is no significant difference between male and female students in all dimensions (P> 0.05), and all grades reach significant differences in all four dimensions (P <0.01) > Senior> freshman development characteristics. ③ The overall self-development of college students is higher than that of normal students. There is significant difference between boys and girls in the dimensions of sports and body characteristics (P <0.01). (4) The social, academic and physical self have significant differences in the total score (P <0.05, P <0.01) among college students of different grades and genders. Conclusion The social, academic and physical self-development of military college students of different genders and grades are different and should be taught according to their aptitude so as to achieve the best development.