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目的研究茶碱治疗早产儿原发性呼吸暂停的药效学,指导临床合理用药。方法 21例诊断为原发性呼吸暂停的早产儿静脉滴注氨茶碱,(7±1)d后采用荧光偏振免疫法测定茶碱血药浓度,记录呼吸暂停次数和给氧条件,观察不良反应。结果测得65.8%(25/38)茶碱血清浓度分布在3~6mg·L-1之间。呼吸暂停治疗有效率为81.0%。茶碱给药后呼吸暂停次数发作明显减少,给药前后对给氧条件无显著差异。其中有3例患儿出现窦性心动过速,7例患儿出现多尿。结论需根据血药浓度和临床表现来共同判定茶碱剂量是否有效。临床需密切关注窦性心动过速和多尿的不良反应。
Objective To study the pharmacodynamics of theophylline in the treatment of premature infants with primary apnea and to guide clinical rational use of drugs. Methods 21 cases of preterm infants diagnosed as primary apnea were given intravenous aminophylline. After (7 ± 1) d, the plasma concentration of theophylline was measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The number of apnea and oxygenation condition were recorded. The observation was poor reaction. The results showed that 65.8% (25/38) theophylline serum concentration distribution between 3 ~ 6mg · L-1. Apnea therapy was effective at 81.0%. After theophylline administration, the number of apnea episodes significantly reduced, before and after administration of oxygen conditions no significant difference. Three of them had sinus tachycardia and seven had polyuria. Conclusion According to the blood concentration and clinical manifestations to jointly determine the theophylline dose is effective. Clinical need to pay close attention to sinus tachycardia and polyuria adverse reactions.