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目的探讨合理的饮食对妊娠期糖尿病的治疗作用。方法先由营养师对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇作24h膳食回顾调查,调查结果输入营养软件进行分析,再根据营养分析结果及孕妇的体质指数、体力活动、孕妇的额外所需制定相应的食谱:(1)总热量按(30～35)Kcal/kg(理想体重)供给,使整个妊娠过程总体重增长10～15kg。(2)三大营养素占总热量的比值为蛋白质15%～20%,脂肪20%～30%,碳水化合物50%～60%;每日蔬菜≥500g,其中绿色蔬菜≥60%;牛奶及奶制品400～500mL。(3)根据少量多餐的原则,每日5～6餐,早餐20%,早点5%,午餐30%,午点10%,晚餐30%,晚点5%,加餐中可适量增加粗粮比例。结果 58例孕妇饮食治疗后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖较前均有明显下降。结论合理的饮食治疗是控制糖尿病、减少并发症、保证母婴健康的重要手段。
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of a reasonable diet on gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods Dietitians conducted a 24-hour dietary review of pregnant women with gestational diabetes by dietitians and the results were entered into nutrition software for analysis. Based on the results of nutritional analysis and body mass index of pregnant women, physical activity and the extra needs of pregnant women, ) The total calories (30 ~ 35) Kcal / kg (ideal body weight) supply, so that the total weight of pregnancy increased by 10 ~ 15kg. (2) The ratio of the three nutrients to the total calories is 15% -20% of protein, 20% -30% of fat and 50% -60% of carbohydrates; vegetables with daily ≥500g, of which green vegetables≥60%; milk and milk Products 400 ~ 500mL. (3) According to the principle of small amount of multi-meals, the daily meals will be 5 ~ 6 meals, breakfast 20%, breakfast 5%, lunch 30%, lunch 10%, dinner 30%, later 5% . Results 58 cases of pregnant women diet fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose decreased significantly compared with the previous. Conclusion Reasonable diet is to control diabetes, reduce complications and ensure the health of infants and young children is an important means.