骨髓增生异常综合征(骨髓发育异常综合征,MDS)为一种异质性克隆性造血系统疾病。其特点为骨髓增生异常,成熟障碍,无效性血细胞生成,外周血有一系、两系或三系血细胞减少,常进展为急性白血病。Ben-nett 等按形态学将 MDS 分为难治性贫血(RA)、伴有环状铁粒幼细胞的 RA(RAS),伴原始细胞过多的 RA(RAEB),转化中的RAEB(RAEBT)及慢性粒-单核细胞白血病(CMML)五型,已为广大学者采用。MDS患者30—63%因血细胞减少并发症感染或出血 Myelodysplastic syndrome (myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS) is a heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic system disease. It is characterized by myelodysplasia, maturation disorders, ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood with one, two or three series of cytopenias, often progress to acute leukemia. Bennett et al morphologically classified MDS as refractory anemia (RA), RA (RAS) with ring-shaped mitochondria, RA (RAEB) with blasts, RAEBT (RAEBT) And chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) five, has been adopted by the majority of scholars. 30-63% of patients with MDS are infected or hemorrhagic due to cytopenia complications