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在某些兴修水利和劈山筑路的工程中,特别是在开凿隧道作业中,存在着一些特殊的劳动卫生问题。比如:粉尘、噪声和振动等,其中粉尘是对人体最有害的一个因素。不注意这些劳动卫生问题,将会对施工人员的身体健康造成很大损害。目前,开凿隧道大多数为凿岩(钻眼)爆破方法。许多工序如钻眼、放炮、装岩运输等,都能产生大量粉尘,污染作业场所的空气;加上作业是在洞中进行,而洞中空气不流通,因此,空气中的大量粉尘随着呼吸而进入人体,沉积在肺内。岩层中含游离二氧化硅量很高,游离二氧化硅具有很强的致肺组织纤维化能力。当空气中含游离二氧化硅粉
In some projects of water conservancy and road construction, especially in tunneling operations, there are some special problems concerning labor hygiene. For example: dust, noise and vibration, dust is one of the most harmful to the human body. Failure to pay attention to these labor hygiene problems will greatly damage the health of construction workers. At present, most of the tunneling operations are rock drilling (drilling) methods. Many processes such as drilling, blasting, rock loading, etc. can generate large amounts of dust and pollute the air in the worksite. In addition, the work is carried out in a hole, and the air in the hole is not circulated. Therefore, a large amount of dust in the air follows Breathing into the body, deposited in the lungs. The rock contains high levels of free silica, free silica has a strong ability to cause lung fibrosis. When the air contains free silica powder