夏季高温对农作物生长发育的影响,与春季低温寒潮,秋季寒露风、冬季凌冻等灾害性天气一样,使农业生产遭受威胁与袭击。试验证明:水稻,特别是杂交水稻,如在开花灌浆期遇到日平均气温超过35℃的高温天气,一方面,正常的开花散粉和子房的伸长受阻,花粉的发芽率降低,造成大量空壳秕粒,带来“高温不实”的现象;另一方面,过强的蒸腾作用会破坏稻株体内的水分平衡,削弱籽粒的灌浆充实能力,产生“高温逼熟”的现象。棉花在现蕾期如遇日平均 The impact of summer high temperature on crop growth and development, like the cold and cold spring in spring, the cold dew in autumn and the freezing weather in winter, threatened agricultural production. The experiment proves that on the one hand, the normal flowering loose powder and ovary elongation are blocked, the germination rate of pollen is reduced, resulting in a large amount of empty On the other hand, excessive transpiration can destroy the water balance in rice plants and weaken the filling ability of grain filling, resulting in the phenomenon of “high temperature forcing ripening”. Cotton in the bud when the average daily